In Vitro Callus Induction and Metabolite Fingerprinting of Chassalia curviflora (Wall.) Thwaites

Abstract

An efficient invitro callus induction protocol was developed for the first time in
Chassalia curviflora (Wall.) Thwaites, which is employed in folk medicine for the
management of inflammatory conditions, wounds, infections and other ailments. The present
study focused on callus induction from leaf explants and characterized the phytochemical
constituents of the regenerated callus using GC–MS, FTIR and HPLC analyses. Callus
induction was evaluated on half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with
different concentrations using various growth regulators. Among the treatments, 1.0 mg/L 2,
4-D + 0.5 mg/L BAP failed to induce callus. The highest callus biomass of 21.00 ± 0.42 g
was obtained on ½ MS medium containing 4.0 mg/L 2, 4-D alone after 45 days. GC–MS
analysis of the callus extract identified twenty phytoconstituents belonging to diverse
chemical classes, including terpenoids, sterols, long-chain hydrocarbons, fatty acid
derivatives, phenolic derivatives and nitrogen-containing compounds. FTIR analysis
revealed functional groups associated with hydroxyl, amine, alkene, amide and halogen-
containing compounds. HPLC analysis demonstrated relatively simple phenolic profile
comprising chlorogenic acid. This study represented the detection and identification of
different bioactive compounds from the callus extract. Thus, these findings revealed that
C.curviflora callus can serve as a promising source of diverse phytoconstituents and provide
a useful system in the pharmaceutical industry.