CONSTITUTIONAL PHENOTYPING OF ACIDUM PHOSPHORICUM IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY: Constitutional Phenotyping of Acidum Phosphoricum in T2DM

Abstract

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is influenced by metabolic, neuroendocrine and psychological
factors. This prospective exploratory cohort study developed a structured constitutional phenotyping
model (Total Acidum Phosphoricum Assessment Score, TAPAS) derived from classical homeopathic
literature and explored its association with glycemic trends. Thirty adults with T2DM were followed
for six months. Participants meeting predefined phenotypic criteria (TAPAS ≥12 with at least two
major traits) received adjunctive Acidum Phosphoricum 30C while continuing stable conventional
therapy. Twenty-five participants qualified for the phenotype. Mean HbA1c decreased from
9.03±0.92% to 7.82±0.96%, with a mean reduction of 1.21% (95% CI 0.87–1.55; p<0.001). TAPAS
scores showed a moderate positive correlation with HbA1c reduction (r=0.46; p=0.01). Exploratory
regression analysis suggested persistence of this association after adjustment for baseline variables.
The findings demonstrate the feasibility of operational constitutional phenotyping and its measurable
association with glycemic trends in T2DM. The results are hypothesis-generating and support further
validation through larger randomized studies.