Assessment of Hepatoprotective Potential of a Sinapic Acid on Animal Model of Alcohol Induced Hepatotoxicity

Abstract

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a leading cause of death among patients with chronic liver disorders.
Among the underlying factors contributing to its progression are oxidative stress and pyroptosis.
Sinapic acid (SA), a naturally occurring phenolic compound found abundantly in grains, oilseeds,
fruits, and vegetables, possesses notable anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities.
It is also recognized as a bioactive component in several traditional Chinese medicinal formulations.
The present study was designed to investigate the liver-protective potential of sinapic acid in a rat
model of ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity. Liver injury was experimentally triggered in Wistar albino
rats via prolonged alcohol exposure. To determine the efficacy of SA, various biochemical
parameters were analyzed, including serum levels of SGOT, SGPT, ALP, total cholesterol,
triglycerides, and HDL. Furthermore, oxidative stress markers were assessed in vivo, such as reduced
glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD).
Liver tissues were also subjected to histopathological evaluation to examine structural integrity and
cellular damage. The results demonstrated that sinapic acid significantly alleviated ethanol-induced
liver damage, likely by modulating oxidative stress and inflammation. This study provides novel
insights into the therapeutic role of sinapic acid and suggests its promise as a potential treatment
strategy for alcohol-related liver disorders, possibly through the suppression of oxidative injury and
pyroptosis.